Operators in java

Operator in java is a symbol that is used to perform operations. For example: +, -, *, / etc.

There are many types of operators in java which are given below:

• Unary Operator,
• Arithmetic Operator,
• shift Operator,
• Relational Operator,
• Bitwise Operator,
• Logical Operator,
• Ternary Operator and
• Assignment Operator.

Java Operator Precedence

Operator Type	Category	Precedence
Unary	postfix	expr++ expr--
	prefix	++expr --expr +expr -expr ~ !
Arithmetic	multiplicative	* / %
	additive	+ -
Shift	shift	<< >> >>>
Relational	comparison	< > <= >= instanceof
	equality	== !=
Bitwise	bitwise AND	&
	bitwise exclusive OR	^
	bitwise inclusive OR	|
Logical	logical AND	&&
	logical OR	||
Ternary	ternary	? :
Assignment	assignment	= += -= *= /= %= &= ^= |= <<= >>= >>>=

Java Unary Operator Example: ++ and --

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. int x=10;  
4. System.out.println(x++);//10 (11)  
5. System.out.println(++x);//12  
6. System.out.println(x--);//12 (11)  
7. System.out.println(--x);//10  
8. }}  

Output:

10
12
12
10

Java Unary Operator Example 2: ++ and --

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. int a=10;  
4. int b=10;  
5. System.out.println(a++ + ++a);//10+12=22  
6. System.out.println(b++ + b++);//10+11=21  
7.   
8. }}  

Output:

22
21

Java Unary Operator Example: ~ and !

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. int a=10;  
4. int b=-10;  
5. boolean c=true;  
6. boolean d=false;  
7. System.out.println(~a);//-11 (minus of total positive value which starts from 0)  
8. System.out.println(~b);//9 (positive of total minus, positive starts from 0)  
9. System.out.println(!c);//false (opposite of boolean value)  
10. System.out.println(!d);//true  
11. }}  

Output:

-11
9
false
true

Java Arithmetic Operator Example

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. int a=10;  
4. int b=5;  
5. System.out.println(a+b);//15  
6. System.out.println(a-b);//5  
7. System.out.println(a*b);//50  
8. System.out.println(a/b);//2  
9. System.out.println(a%b);//0  
10. }}  

Output:

15
5
50
2
0

Java Arithmetic Operator Example: Expression

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. System.out.println(10*10/5+3-1*4/2);  
4. }}  

Output:

21

Java Shift Operator Example: Left Shift

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. System.out.println(10<<2);//10*2^2=10*4=40  
4. System.out.println(10<<3);//10*2^3=10*8=80  
5. System.out.println(20<<2);//20*2^2=20*4=80  
6. System.out.println(15<<4);//15*2^4=15*16=240  
7. }}  

Output:

40
80
80
240

Java Shift Operator Example: Right Shift

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. System.out.println(10>>2);//10/2^2=10/4=2  
4. System.out.println(20>>2);//20/2^2=20/4=5  
5. System.out.println(20>>3);//20/2^3=20/8=2  
6. }}  

Output:

2
5
2

Java Shift Operator Example: >> vs >>>

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3.     //For positive number, >> and >>> works same  
4.     System.out.println(20>>2);  
5.     System.out.println(20>>>2);  
6.     //For nagative number, >>> changes parity bit (MSB) to 0  
7.     System.out.println(-20>>2);  
8.     System.out.println(-20>>>2);  
9. }}  

Output:

5
5
-5
1073741819

Java AND Operator Example: Logical && and Bitwise &

The logical && operator doesn't check second condition if first condition is false. It checks second condition only if first one is true.

The bitwise & operator always checks both conditions whether first condition is true or false.

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. int a=10;  
4. int b=5;  
5. int c=20;  
6. System.out.println(a<b&&a<c);//false && true = false  
7. System.out.println(a<b&a<c);//false & true = false  
8. }}  

Output:

false
false

Java AND Operator Example: Logical && vs Bitwise &

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. int a=10;  
4. int b=5;  
5. int c=20;  
6. System.out.println(a<b&&a++<c);//false && true = false  
7. System.out.println(a);//10 because second condition is not checked  
8. System.out.println(a<b&a++<c);//false && true = false  
9. System.out.println(a);//11 because second condition is checked  
10. }}  

Output:

false
10
false
11

Java OR Operator Example: Logical || and Bitwise |

The logical || operator doesn't check second condition if first condition is true. It checks second condition only if first one is false.

The bitwise | operator always checks both conditions whether first condition is true or false.

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. int a=10;  
4. int b=5;  
5. int c=20;  
6. System.out.println(a>b||a<c);//true || true = true  
7. System.out.println(a>b|a<c);//true | true = true  
8. //|| vs |  
9. System.out.println(a>b||a++<c);//true || true = true  
10. System.out.println(a);//10 because second condition is not checked  
11. System.out.println(a>b|a++<c);//true | true = true  
12. System.out.println(a);//11 because second condition is checked  
13. }}  

Output:

true
true
true
10
true
11

Java Ternary Operator Example

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. int a=2;  
4. int b=5;  
5. int min=(a<b)?a:b;  
6. System.out.println(min);  
7. }}  

Output:

2

Another Example:

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. int a=10;  
4. int b=5;  
5. int min=(a<b)?a:b;  
6. System.out.println(min);  
7. }}  

Output:

5

Java Assignment Operator Example

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. int a=10;  
4. int b=20;  
5. a+=4;//a=a+4 (a=10+4)  
6. b-=4;//b=b-4 (b=20-4)  
7. System.out.println(a);  
8. System.out.println(b);  
9. }}  

Output:

14
16

Java Assignment Operator Example

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String[] args){  
3. int a=10;  
4. a+=3;//10+3  
5. System.out.println(a);  
6. a-=4;//13-4  
7. System.out.println(a);  
8. a*=2;//9*2  
9. System.out.println(a);  
10. a/=2;//18/2  
11. System.out.println(a);  
12. }}  

Output:

13
9
18
9

Java Assignment Operator Example: Adding short

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. short a=10;  
4. short b=10;  
5. //a+=b;//a=a+b internally so fine  
6. a=a+b;//Compile time error because 10+10=20 now int  
7. System.out.println(a);  
8. }}  

Output:

Compile time error

After type cast:

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. short a=10;  
4. short b=10;  
5. a=(short)(a+b);//20 which is int now converted to short  
6. System.out.println(a);  
7. }}  

Output:

20